Indian literature reflects the country’s rich cultural diversity and historical depth. Spanning languages like Hindi, Tamil, Bengali, and English, it explores themes of spirituality, identity, social justice, and modernity. Ancient epics like the Mahabharata and Ramayana coexist with contemporary works by writers like R.K. Narayan, Arundhati Roy, and Jhumpa Lahiri. Post-independence literature often addresses partition, diaspora, and globalization. Indian literature in English has gained global recognition, bridging traditional and modern narratives. It remains a vibrant field that celebrates India's pluralistic heritage while addressing pressing social and political issues.